Advanced modal perfect forms – English Grammar C1
Advanced modal perfect forms
Modal perfect oblici (must/might/can’t/should/needn’t + have + V3) govore o prošlim zaključcima, kritici i nepotrebnim radnjama.
Must have / can’t have
Must have + V3 = vrlo verovatno se desilo; can’t have + V3 = zaključujemo da se nije moglo desiti.
Potrebno je have + participle.
Should have / shouldn’t have
Should have + V3 izražava propuštenu poželjnu radnju; shouldn’t have + V3 kritikuje urađeno.
Should have checked opisuje propuštenu obavezu/savet.
Needn’t have + V3
Needn’t have + V3 znači da je radnja urađena, ali nije bila potrebna.
Za izvršenu, ali nepotrebnu radnju koristimo needn’t have.
Test Your Knowledge
Choose the correct option. Click Check Answers to see explanations. Each question has one intended correct answer.
1. She knows every detail. She ___ read the report. (strong past deduction)
2. He was in Tokyo yesterday. He ___ attended the meeting in London. (impossible)
3. The window is broken. Someone ___ hit it. (strong deduction)
4. Her passport expired last year. She ___ flown without a new one. (impossible)
5. The streets are wet. It ___ rained overnight. (strong inference)
6. You ___ informed us earlier. (criticism: you did not)
7. He ___ driven so fast. (criticism: he did)
8. I ___ saved a backup. (regret: I did not)
9. They ___ ignored the safety warning. (criticism: they did)
10. She ___ checked the address before leaving. (regret: she did not)
11. You ___ prepared so much food; only three guests came. (you did prepare it)
12. He ___ paid for the ticket; it was free. (he did pay)
13. We ___ taken a taxi; the station was only 200 metres away. (we took one)
14. She ___ printed the form; the office accepts digital copies. (she printed it)
15. I ___ rushed; the appointment was delayed anyway. (I rushed)
Nivo C1 je okvirna CEFR oznaka teme. Ovaj kratki test služi za vežbanje, ne za zvaničnu procenu znanja.
